Introduction

The grasslands and stepps of Mongolia are home to over 40 million head of livestock, and more than 400,000 nomads.1 Animal herding is the most important sector of Mongolian agriculture, providing almost two-thirds of agricultural production (meat, cashmire, wool, camel hair, leather and etc). It provides a source of income, food, and a mode of transportation for a significant part of the population as well as being an important part of Mongolia’s exports. Recently, President Elbegdorj reported that “Mongolia exports over a hundred thousand tons of mutton and over 50 thousand tons of beef a year, amounting to a sales of 4.3 trillion tugrugs, or 160 thousand tugrugs per capita sales of meat.”2

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